Social Change Research Paper Essay Example

Social Change Research Paper Essay Social change brings lasting transformation of the social organization or cultivation (in the sociological sense) of a company. In free sample social change research papers you may find the following definitions: Social change (or societal) is â€Å"any observable change over time, affecting, in a manner that is not a temporary or ephemeral, structure or function of the social organization of a particular community and changes the its history.† The course of the history of the company is affected by these changes with, for example, the development of individualism, changes in social relationships, respect any established hierarchies, etc. The structural components of social organization that can deal with changes, for example, the structure of the labor force (by sector of activity, by occupation, etc.), the importance of urbanization, etc. The elements of the functioning of social organization that may change and bring about social change are, for example, rules that allow society to organize (in the family, businesses, a school , etc.), the nature of socialization and social control (more or less imperative) forms of social regulation (trading markets, big or small), etc. Are there links between development and social change? Yes †¦ by definition (see definition of development): the development process is accompanied by social change. Are there links between growth and social change? Yes, there are. Examples. First, growth is accompanied by a change in the nature of production, so the living (compared to the nature and technological progress, urbanization) and therefore of social control, labor (separation of the place work and place of family life), so the social structure and forms of collective identification (working class, etc.). Then social change promotes growth by destroying social barriers to growth. Urbanization promotes individualism, the pursuit of material well-being, which leads to the improvement of the productive activity and thus production methods. Similarly, the enhancement of entrepreneurship, technical progress, innovation promotes growth. An event, a news item, does not constitute a social fact (it may sometimes be representative); S imilarly, changes that may appear important, must be put into perspective: for example, urbanization has been a significant social change in developed countries, â€Å"suburbanization† has not produced and will not produce the same changes! We will write a custom essay sample on Social Change Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Change Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Change Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We distinguish exogenous factors (such as technical or economic reasons, demographic reasons, the emergence of new values) and endogenous factors (role of social conflicts, deepening an existing value as the tendency to equality) in explanation of social change. The consequences of industrialization but also the consequences of population growth that diversifies social relationships, and makes more interdependent and complementary the individuals. Weber focuses on the emergence of new values (born Protestantism: material success is a sign of the election, not everybody does not go to heaven contrary to what the song says!!) Influencing individuals looking for perfection in economic activities (hence savings, investment and economic growth). Use free example social change research papers to learn better the main aspects of the topic. Are you looking for a top-notch custom research paper about Social Change? Is confidentiality as important to you as the high quality of the product? Try our writing service at EssayLib.com! We can offer you professional assistance at affordable rates. Our experienced PhD and Master’s writers are ready to take into account your smallest demands. We guarantee you 100% authenticity of your paper and assure you of dead on time delivery. Proceed with the order form:

Brighton Beach Memoirs essays

Brighton Beach Memoirs essays Brighten Beach Memoirs is a play that is based on a family who is living in Brooklyn, New York and dealing with the trials of being a family in the 1930s. Throughout the book we are shown the uncertainties in life that the family is forced to live with everyday. The characters in the play are forced to awaken to things about themselves that they were unaware of. In Brighten Beach Memoirs Eugene awakens to the facts about his feelings about his brother Stanley, and Kate awakens to the fact that she has feelings that are negative about her sister Blanche. An awakening is an opening for the characters to discover something new about themselves. The first part of Brighten Beach Memoirs shows where Eugene was unaware about his real feelings for his brother. He didnt realize that he needed his brother to be part of his life in order to make it successfully through life. An example of this is when Stanley comes home from his job and tells Eugene how he has lost his job. " Me and my boss had other things to talk about. Im in trouble, Eug. I mean really big trouble. I got fired today!." (23) This quote shows you when Stanley has come home and tells Eugene about his problems. Stanley doesnt tell his parents first, he tells Eugene that shows you the growing of their relationship with each other. After Stanley states that Eugene tries to help him to find out what he should do. Eugene begins to awaken to the fact that he needs Stanley to learn from and that Stanley is beginning to show that he needs Eugene too. When Stanley decides he is going to write the letter to his boss he goes to Eugene again to ask him if he will help him to write the letter with him. Stanley needs the help with writing the letter to his boss because he isnt as intellectually smart as Eugene is. He goes to Eugene to ask him to help. ...You want to help me? Youre good at those things. (73) This is showing that Stanley ne...

A Review On Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Information Technology Essay

A Review On Enterprise Resource Planning Systems Information Technology Essay INTRODUCTION â€Å"An enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems is that they integrate across functions to create a single, unified system rather than a group of separate, insular applications†. As ERP system is providing optimal solutions and strong control over the company operations, every business is looking forward for this adoption. Since currently available ERP softwares are charging at higher level of licencing and supporting costs, businesses are in the necessity of finding an open source alternative. This document provides the feasible open source alternative option to the current market leader in the proprietary ERP – SAP ECC. Open Source ERP Systems: The following are the popular open source ERP systems available in the latest market. Though there are many number of open sources are available like Opentaps, Ofbiz, ERP5, and so on here only considered few which are moderately fulfil business requirements in compare with SAP solutions. Adempiere This is one of the major ERP leaders in the open source technologies and has been resulted most successful in small and medium industry users mainly in Retail, Trading, Manufacturing and service sectors. [Adempiere Release Manual]. This is highly motivated and active community based software and is in the top 5 positions according to sourceforge.net. Compiere In the current era, Compiere is the most popular open source ERP+CRM application. It is a comprehensive solution for SME’s. This provides solutions in Distribution, Retail, Manufacturing and Service industries with highly adaptable and easy to use enterprise class applications. In ERP, first time Compiere started revolutionary design through which applications are enabled with easy customization and extension without any programing. Openbravo This is more commercial oriented open source ERP. ERP solution provides a robust application which integrates distribution, inventory, E-commerce, accounting and point of sale workflows. This h as been received continuously best open source awards in 2009 and 2010 from Infoworld and many more recognitions from various Organizations. It is developed in java and oracle, postgres SQL databases can be used. OpenERP(Farmer TinyERP) This is comprehensive suite for all operations of an Enterprise. It follows the modular approach which helps customer to initiate one application and then add others as they go. This is designed through a famous 3 tier MVC architecture. Written in Python and Database is PostgreSQL. Clients are required to install flash components in their web browser to access. OpenPro OpenPro is a leader in licensed Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software using open source technology and also this is the first web based ERP software started on demand in the market since 1988. This software designed as a platform independent and is written in open source php. Over the years, Software has shown continuous improvements by providing advanced features along with appl ication stabilization. This is recognized as best suited for the larger businesses. Open Source ERP Pros and Cons The following are the advantages and disadvantages of above open source alternatives. ADempiere Advantages: Architecture Model driven Architecture Active data dictionary – reducing 80% coding work in customization Browser/Server + Client/Server Database independent : PostgresSQL/Oracle/ (MySQL) Function & Structure

Counter Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Counter Argument - Essay Example possible response is not to present favorable arguments, but a negative case—namely, to present arguments against the case that has been brought forth. The following is a reply to several objections to a previously stated position: that it is the moral responsibility of a government to effectively ban same-sex marriage. This responsibility was defended by a conception of the natural law, which is fundamentally incompatible with the practice of homosexual marriage rites. It shall be shown that these objections are baseless and cannot be shown to have any philosophical merit, especially since their philosophical histories are contradictory—meaning that these criticisms are mutually exclusive and are mutually incorrect. The first point taken to support the thesis that the government has no moral responsibility to ban same-sex marriage is that there is a history of normality when it comes to the practice of gay marriage. The objector cites the time of Plato as proof that homosexuality has been, for ages, been a widespread practice, and in a variety of different cultural contexts. However, even a cursory knowledge of Plato’s thoughts on love, contained in the dialogue Symposium, would reveal that Plato, like Aristotle, thought that homosexuality was an affront to nature, and hence, natural law. In the eighth book of the Symposium, a speaker considers â€Å"how to have legislation banning homosexual acts, masturbation, and illegitimate procreative sex widely accepted. He then states that this law is according to nature† (Pickett). Plato and Aristotle, arguably the two wisest men in the history of Ancient Greece, both expressed a sharp distaste for the unnatural practice of homosexualityà ¢â‚¬â€the former of whom expressed his belief in a ban on the practice in the Ideal State. In addition to the incidental philosophical objection to the practice, there is also a logical objection to be made to this argument as well. The writer here seems to suggest that because

Advocacy in action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Advocacy in action - Essay Example Cases that occur are for instance nurse on nurse conflict, incivility in nursing, horizontal conflict as well as lateral conflict (Hover, 2010). A majority of nurses are scared of speaking out when they see incivility being conducted to other nurses or they do not know what is and is not the tolerated behavior (Harris, 2012). The question is why do such caring experts allow such behaviors to exist? How can nurses stop horizontal conflict and welcome those entering the nursing career with open arms and caring hearts? This paper will discuss horizontal violence and incivility in nursing. It will also examine some key ways of addressing such hurtful and non-caring behaviors to the hospital administration and its stakeholders in the form of a letter. Horizontal violence refers to an aggressive or hostile behavior by group members or an individual towards another individual or persons of another despised group. Critics refer to this as inter-group rivalry or violence. It is endemic among the health care environ, and it is a destructive and unacceptable phenomenon (Hover, 2010). All nurses are urged to work together to tackle issues of oppression and eliminate any unhealthy actions from the workplace. Horizontal violence may be conscious or unconscious behavior. The conflict normally causes emotional, psychological and spiritual damages. It can also have devastating and enduring effects on the recipient nurse or nurses. It may be covert or overt (Harris, 2012). It is mainly non physical, but at times nurses take it to the extent of hitting, shoving or throwing objects. Horizontal violence originates from an internalized low self esteem or self-hatred as a result of being part of an exploited group (Longo, 2008). Horizontal violence is the inappropriate manner that oppressed nurses use to release tension or stress when they cannot address or solve issues with the oppressor. In a majority of nursing institutions, a dominator model of social organization facilitates wor kplace hierarchy. This limits practice and autonomy of various groups of nurses and, therefore; it functions as an oppressive force. Nurses are grouped into oppressive structures and unequal power relations in the workplace system (Hover, 2010). Some groups of nurses such as supervisors within each particular station automatically adopt inflated attitudes and feelings of superiority. Some groups, such as new nurses, automatically adopt submissive feelings and attitudes and, therefore, they seem to be helpless within the health center (Harris, 2012). The internal conflict, caused by conforming to structural demands, leads to the buildup of low self esteem and self-hatred of certain groups of nurses that eventually causes horizontal violence (Hover, 2010). Horizontal violence refers to a symptom of the dynamics involving oppression and a feeling of powerlessness (Hughes, 2005). These factors are common in health care just as water is common to fish. They shape, mould, as well as dicta te, the behavior of nurses within the workplace culture. Horizontal violence is an example of harassment to those who are from different status quo (Hughes, 2005). Horizontal violence among nurses is as a result of history and politics of the western civilization and practices and ideology associated with the stereotyping and socialization classes of people in western culture, especially females. It is a cultural and system issue, a symptom of a spiritually, psychologically and emotionally toxic and oppressive environment. Even though, individual pathology flourishes in an environment that supports and condones aggressive behavior,

The Four Corner Hustlers Essay Example for Free

The Four Corner Hustlers Essay The Four Corner Hustlers originated on Chicagos Westside in the early 1970s. The organization was founded by King Walter Wheat and Freddy Malik Gauge. Shortly after the Four Corner Hustlers emerged, they became allied with the Vice Lords street gang, becoming a faction and adopting Vice Lord symbols and colors. The gang operated as a small group in the Austin neighborhood throughout the mid-to-late 1970s, often fighting area clubs and engaging in petty theft and vandalism. However, a group of Four Corner Hustlers began to operate in the Garfield Park and Austin neighborhoods. Lead by Monroe Money Banks, this group adopted the Black Diamond as a symbolic reference to their gang. In the late 1980s, Freddy Gauge died while incarcerated. Walter Wheat then took over the organizations operations solely. In the early 1990s, Monroe Banks proclaimed leadership over the entire organization but this was disputed by older high-ranking members of the gang. The tension and disagreements within the gang lead Walter Wheat to retire from the organizations leadership. Monroe Banks was later killed in a drug related murder in 1992. The 4CHs began to expand their bases of operation throughout the 1990s, growing substantially in number. A group of younger Four Corner Hustlers began to distance themselves from the Vice Lords and even rest away some of their territory, often times flipping Vice Lord members with the lure of drug spots. These Four Corner Hustlers charged a 50 percent tax on profit for the selling of narcotics as opposed to the traditional 75 percent. Many of these Four Corner Hustlers, whose main base of operation was in Austin and Garfield Park neighborhoods used the Black Diamond. Amongst the Young Turks was Angelo Roberts. Angelo Roberts was given a leadership position in the organization by Walter Wheat due to his relationship with Wheats daughter, despite Angelo Roberts young age. As such, disputes for leadership positions continued. Due to turmoil in leadership, Walter Wheat reassumed his position in the organization. Walter Wheat was killed in 1993; Angelo Roberts was the principle suspect in orchestrating the hit. Angelo Roberts was arrested on drugs and weapons charges in the mid 1990s. After release, Angelo Roberts attempted to blow up the Area 3 Police station with high power weapons. He even made Americas Most Wanted as authorities pursued him across the United States. Angelo Roberts was killed in 1995, his body found frozen stiff in the trunk of a car. Several sets still pay homage to Angelo Roberts, adopting the moniker Angelo 4s. Ray Longstreet assumed leadership of the official branch of Four Corner Hustler around the time of Angelo Roberts death. His group still considers themselves a faction of the Vice Lords street gang, especially while in the correctional facilities. Ray Longstreet was recently released from prison in 2004 after serving a stint for drug charges. He was recently arrested again, this time by Federal authorities in Operartion Street Sweeper. The Four Corner Hustlers pride themselves in making money. The organization has grown tremendously within the last ten years or so, and have expanded throughout the Southside and far South suburbs. The 4CHs are an off-shoot of the Vice Lords, however, on the street most members consider themselves a separate entity. Most Four Corner Hustlers now consider themselves a separate Nation and often show their independence with the adoption of the Black Diamond symbol, while other 4CHs who still retain ties to the Vice Lords using the 5 point Star. However, all 4CHs align themselves with the Vice Lords while incarcerated forgoing any street antimosity. The gangs primary criminal involvement has consisted of graffiti, drug trafficking, assault, armed robbery, extortion, kidnapping, shootings, murder, and the renting out of drug turf to independent dealers. The organization has also been known to engage in the overseeing of solicitation of prostitution (pimping), the selling of illegal firearms, and the opening of front businesses to launder money.

Writing as a Career Essay -- Informative

Many writers would like to categorize there reasons for being writers, and there are different reasons according to the kind of writing the writer does. The author can be viewed for the reasons of loving what they write about, then they could be viewed as one who likes to write novels, or bigger books, and then there is the ones who do it because it means a lot to their lifestyle. There are many reasons for becoming a writer, which are included in some of the authors’ thoughts. A writer is viewed as someone who is looking for subjects inquires, but not after what he loves best, but in what he thinks he loves at all (Dillard 1). Many writers wonder the reasons for which they write by wondering why, what, and how do they do it, but the writers like to write on part of the idea that they can share what they are doing at that very time and place, be it walking up and down in a little room or something similar (Kincaid 1). Although these two authors categorize there reasons for be ing writers in a similar fashion, they have some differences. There are some authors whom like to stay anonymous, when they do their work. They may appear to want their work to be anonymous, but by all fashion the work is later on published anyways (Sanders B4). Some authors can also view how writings has effected there lifestyles, because of their writing. There’s always a mystery behind the creative writing process, but it’s a boring mystery and some look at it differently (King 1). Some others believe that there writing in turn teaches others in multiple states and they can benefit from some of the hard-won benefits (Cubberly A4). There is always different reasoning behind authors’ ideas of writing, but these are many of the categori... ...ject of inquiries, but this would not be seen until they think about it (Dillard 1). Most of the writers wonder the reasons for which they write by thinking why, what and how do they write it. Some think about what they are doing everyday be it walking up and down in a room or something of that matter (Kincaid 1). Even with the amount of categorizes that you can place authors into they all have similarities, and differences. Some also would like to appear anonymous when they do their work (Sanders B4). But some wonder about the mysteries that hide behind the creative writing process, as it is a boring mystery for many but not to the author (King 1). This is how the authors could be categorized into the reasons in which the writers write about what they do, and how there are always differences between the authors themselves that can prove why authors are different.

Canters Behavior Essay

Dylan is a five year old boy that from the very start showed disruptive behavior frequently throughout the classroom. Dylan’s teacher has well- documented his actions and she has asked the administrators of the school for support, plus she has also referred Dylan to have a behavioral evaluation. The teacher has spoken with Dylan’s parents on many occasions and they say his behavior was the same at home. Dylan’s parents also stated that his disruptive behavior was his way of seeking attention. During this time Dylan’s behavior is generally getting more and more disruptive and aggressive. With the teacher’s observation logs, Dylan’s is having a rough time playing along with other children and is having a difficult time following directions. Just about every day Dylan is hitting, yelling, or is taking things away from the other children’s hands to get the teacher to come over and see what is wrong. Many of the children have made the decision to ignore him or to just move in another direction away from him. With his academic skills he is far more behind than the other students in class. Dylan has the knowledge to finish the activities, but he is rarely in the mood to do so. Sometimes the issues begin when the teacher starts giving everyone there assignment and is working quietly, that’s when Dylan’s behavior really goes through the roof, and when he is told what to do about his behavior. While the disruptive behavior remains the teacher’s patience with Dylan starts to run very thin and begins to call out to every unacceptable behavior that he shows. These actions start to have a negative influence on the attitudes of the remaining students. Most of students start to mimic Dylan’s actions while the others students are not finishing their work. This can result in the teacher needing to spend a lot of time having to deal with Dylan’s behavior and not having enough time with to teach. Teachers have many avenues to teach students successfully and professionally take care of unacceptable behaviors. One step would be to use the Canter’s Behavior Management Cycle, into effect (Canters 2006). Canter has three steps; first, effectively communicating explicit directions, second, using behavior narration and third, taking corrective action. When starting to use Canters’ cycle teachers will need to take the time to use two very important methods at the start of the school year this is going to help minimize disruptive behaviors. One, creates lessons on appropriate behavior for specific parts of the school day, activities, and transitions (Canters p. 31) and second creates a, â€Å"Responsible Behavior Curriculum,† for the first two weeks of the school year (Canters chap. ). This curriculum will set the tone of the class for introducing what is acceptable with appropriate behaviors, and that they are expected to follow the rules from students throughout the school day. Teachers should start with Canters’ behavioral cycle; Dylan’s teacher needs to start with the first step. The first step will need to that the teacher to communicate clear, specific and detailed directions. The directions are being given to Dylan and he is to follow them precise. When giving directions they need to be quite clear and on point at all costs. The teacher needs to always evade being unclear to the students, if they know what is expected of them they will follow. The teacher’s directions should contain precisely how the students are to conduct themselves in the classroom. Explicit directions should include the, â€Å"expectations for student verbal behavior, physical movement, and participation† (Canters p. 53). The teacher needs to never make the mistakes of assuming what the students know, what the expectations of their behavior is, and the teacher should always recall the students on a daily basis what is expected of them. The teacher has to have a firm grip on effective communication while having detailed directions, she can continue on to the next important step. This step involves using â€Å"Behavioral Narration† (Chapter 9), which is how the teacher will positively motivate Dylan to follow directions. One way of achieving this is to give Dylan and the class as a whole effective positive feedback (Canters p. 58). When giving detailed directions, the teacher should look to notice which student within seconds of giving the directions to see who is really following the directions that were given. The teacher needs to point out who is listening to the directions and how the students are following the directions. At the moment when Dylan is being difficult the teacher does not need to focus on giving Dylan more attention, but try to focus on the students who are listening and making good choices. When trying to change the unwanted behavior the teacher needs to try to use the behavioral narration, which will allow the teacher to repeat the rules and define the acceptable behavior of students who are making good choices. This will show the students their teacher is mindful of the actions that are taking place and is more than ready to fix any problems that may arise. When the teacher acknowledges the acceptable behaviors and recaps the directions it sets a wonderful start and a positive atmosphere in the room. The class will be regularly recalled on what is expected from their behavior, students are expected to follow the rules, students who were not able to receive or finish their assignment will have time to finish and catch up with the rest of the class. Students will be given a chance to have time to catch up when needing be. With this step it can go the extra mile by setting up an award-system in place. For example, when the directions are given the teacher notices Dylan is sitting where his seat is and he is working on the assignment that was given to him, then the teacher would say to his friends, â€Å"Look at Dylan he is sitting at his seat and is working on his assignment so nicely I am going to have to give Dylan his extra class point that he earned in class. Ultimately this will inspire Dylan to have more acceptable behaviors and the other students to strive for the goals that are set up for the students to obtain. The last action of the cycle is corrective action taken (Chap. 10). When the direct instructions have been given out, looking to observe the group for ten seconds, reports were made on students that are on the right track, and when Dylan is not following directions; then you must use the corrective action. This is done by directive verbal statements or disciplinary consequences (Canters p. 9). The teacher needs to peacefully reaffirm the instructions and notify the students of their penalties and what their actions have caused. This can also let Dylan and the entire class knows and understands that you are very serious about bringing an end to unacceptable behavior. Students need to know, understand, and be aware of the effects for disrupting the class and just making unacceptable choices. When the unacceptable behavior remains untouched the procedure needs to be shadowed with the corresponding reaction. Every time a student shows a disruptive behavior it should be dealt with immediately and that the penalties produced is entirely from the student’s actions. In order for students to learn the rules must be enforced. Students have to have structure so they can flourish, they need to know what is expected of them on day one. Once a child knows that they cannot get away with disruptive behavior they will tend to not want to misbehave. If there is a reward system they will definitely want to have a reward at the end of the day or week. Consistency is the key to keeping students where they need to be in order to have peace in the room.

My dear friend

I hope you are enjoying your stay in the United States and that you are receiving a good education.   I have been giving a lot of thought recently to the problems of our kingdom and the possible alternatives to the rule of the House of Saud.   I have so few opportunities and liberties here that I feel that moderate Islamists may do a better job of governing our country than the princes.   Let me try to explain how I feel. Like many of our generation, I have had trouble finding work.   During the oil boom of the 1970's, employment was more secure and the government was able to grant extensive welfare benefits to citizens of the kingdom.   More recently, however, the economy has stagnated.   In 1998, for example, we had 27% unemployment! I feel that the economy is suffering due to our reliance on oil.   Despite the fabulous wealth it brings to the country, the oil industry can only employ a certain number of people.   Since oil is essentially the only thing that our country produces, it is the only sector that provides large-scale employment other than the government itself, which is dominated by the royal family and its network of friends and cronies. Despite all the wealth gained from oil, the royal family Has not invested the wealth into other sectors of society; instead, it has used the oil wealth to enrich itself, purchase vast quantities of weapons from the Americans, and buy loyalty from the population by providing free social services.   Despite all this wealth, however, our country has not given greater freedoms to its citizens. Our kingdom has always relied on an alliance between the al-Saud family and the radical Wahabi clerics.   One of the king’s central roles is the custodian of the two holy places (Mecca and Medina).   The clerics give the king legitimacy, and in return the kings lavishly fund the clerics’ mosques, schools, and charity organizations. I feel that this alliance is bad for our country.   Our country needs to be freer.   Both the royal family and the Wahabi clerics are opposed to greater freedoms for us, the average citizens.   Both groups benefit by denying power to other people.   I have come to feel that the Saudi-Wahabi alliance is bad for us as Saudi citizens, because it denies us basic freedoms.   It is also bad for the world as a whole, because it leads to terrorism. Many Wahabis have turned against the Saudi royal family, declaring that it is not sufficiently Islamic.   They feel that the government is too corrupt, too decadent, and too friendly with America.   Osama bin Laden is the most infamous Saudi who has taken this position.   Even though he attacked America, bin Laden’s primary enemy has always been the Saudi royal family, who he feels are bad Muslims who do not deserve to be the custodians of Mecca and Medina. The threat to the Saudis from its radical citizens became clear shortly after I was born.   This was a major turning point in the history of our country.   When Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait in August of 1990, many feared that he would turn on Saudi Arabia next.   Osama bin Laden told King Fahd that he would battle Saddam Hussein’s forces with the fighters he had trained and fought with in Afghanistan during the 1980’s during the war with the Soviet Union. King Fahd rejected bin Laden’s offer, which probably wasn’t very realistic any way.   Instead, the king turned to the Americans for protection.   Huge American armies came to Saudi Arabia and used our country as a base from which to attack Iraq and liberate Kuwait.   Even though Saddam Hussein could no longer threaten Saudi Arabia, the decision to allow the American military into the kingdom infuriated many radical Islamists. I must say that, as a proud and independent man, I would like to defend my own country rather than have the Americans do it.   I don’t wish the Americans any harm, it’s just that I don’t want to rely on them and ideally I would like their military to leave our land.   Many people, however, feel much more strongly about this than I do, and they began attack the house of Saud for allowing Americans into Arabia. As my generation grew, we saw the government come under attack from radicals who wished to overthrow the regime.   Throughout the 1990’s these radicals, including al-Qaeda, attacked sights in Saudi Arabia that were associated with the government or the American military.   We now have a confrontation between the House of Saud and the radical Islamists, but I don’t feel that either group is able to govern our country effectively. Although I disapprove of the Saudi royal family, just as Osama bin Laden does, I also totally disapprove of bin Laden’s goals and tactics.   Basically I feel that the Saudis are far too conservative.   Bin Laden feels that they are not conservative enough!   The most amazing thing about the Saudis is that their allies, the Wahabis, are the people they have to fear most. For years, the royal princes funded Wahabi mosques and schools and charities around the world.   They knew that some of these groups used the money for terrorist activities, but there was a sort of unspoken agreement that the Islamist terrorists would not target Saudi Arabia itself.   I don’t know why our government ever trusted these people, but the terrorists broke the agreement and began to attack the royal family. So, my friend, our government has failed to diversify the economy beyond oil, it has failed to give more rights and liberties to its citizens, and it has used oil wealth to try to buy off radical groups, but this strategy has predictably backfired.   These are very serious grievances to have, wouldn’t you say? Perhaps an example of the royal family’s idea of â€Å"reform† will illustrate my grievances.   In 1992, King Fahd enacted the Basic Law of Government by decree.   The law spelled out the nature of the government.   The government was a hereditary monarchy, a model that was popular centuries ago in Europe.   The king would serve as head of state, head of the council of ministers, and commander in chief of the armed forces.   In addition, the king appoints all ministers as well as all members of a new body, the consultative council. Here are my problems with this attempt at reform.   Firstly, the Basic Law was enacted by decree of the king; the Saudi people had absolutely no role in devising this law.   Secondly, the law simply spelled out what was already known; the Saudi family, especially the king, has all the power in Saudi Arabia. The consultative council was supposed to represent a move towards greater representation, but I feel that it only illustrated the king’s arrogance.   Firstly, the council is appointed by the king, so we can assume it is made of up people who he knows will agree with him.   Secondly, the council â€Å"consults†; the king is in no way bound to follow its advice.   So not only is this council not representative of the Saudi people, it doesn’t even have any authority!   This is not the kind of reform we need; this is not reform at all. My friend, our country has no constitution, no bill of rights, no independent courts or media, and no direct representation for its citizens in government.   This is not the type of country I wish to live in.   Here is what I feel must be done. I do not have any illusions about how long and hard the transition to democracy can prove to be.   We have seen our neighbor, Iraq, torn apart by civil war and anarchy after its repressive government was thrown from power.   If the Saudi government disappeared overnight, I fear that our country could very well suffer from these same curses.   For this reason, a violent overthrow of the government would not be a good idea.   Iraq has shown us that dictatorship is preferable to anarchy, because at least dictators can prevent massive terrorist attacks. The answer does not lie in violent overthrow of the Saudis, and it also does not lie in radical Islamists.   We are all Muslims here, it is true.   Islam was born in Arabia.   The prophet lived and died here.   Mecca and Medina are here.   We are the very cradle of Islam.   However, we cannot allow radical Muslims to take power from the Saudis. I have simple desires, my friend.   Like most people on earth of every race and religion, I want simply to live my life in freedom and dignity and be able to provide for my loved ones.   We have seen that radical Islamists, even though they claim to share our religion, are merchants of death only; from everything I have seen, it seems clear that they are more interested in killing people, mostly fellow Muslims, than they are in governing. As much as I dislike the Saudis, I know deep down that radical Islamists would be worse.   They would likely be even more violent and repressive towards the people than the Saudis are.   The most radical Islamists wish to return Arabia to a 7th century state of â€Å"purity†.   They feel that this is the ideal environment for Muslims.   They wish to recreate a world before oil, a world before mass communication and entertainment, a world before America.   This is a very dark wish.   We should not be naà ¯ve about what radical Islamists would do to our country should they ever gain power. The solution, I feel, lies with moderate Islamists.   Islam must be the focus of any reform, because the mosque is the only power center of any substance other than the Saud family.   There is no independent civil society here because of all the restrictions on speech and political participation.   The mosque is the only place that people can freely gather and organize. As I said above, friend, we are Muslims, and any reform in our land must be Islamist to some degree; it is inevitable.   The important aspect then is to ensure that reform is directed through moderate clerics rather radical Islamists.   We need Muslim leaders to direct the push for reform, but not the Muslims who wish to turn back the clock by 13 centuries! My vision of a government of moderate Islamist clerics and scholars has many components.   Firstly, they would stop trying to buy off radical groups and start adopting a more moderate interpretation of Islam than the Wahabis.   This new government would recognize that when you give arms and funding to radical groups, these groups will inevitably turn on you. As we know, friend, our land is the heart of Islam, and any government we have will be responsible for maintaining the sacred places and providing for all the Muslims who make the yearly pilgrimage (hajj) to Mecca.   We must also, however, understand that many Muslims look to Arabia for inspiration and Arabia therefore must be responsible with its influence and must not support radical and violent groups who kill in the name of our great religion. More moderate clerics are the best candidates to lead the new Arabia for many reasons.   They are educated and have experience with leadership and organization in the community.   Because of this experience, we can be confident that the clerics will be competent as stewards of the state.   Equally as important, they are respected by the society.   One of the many lessons we have learned from Iraq is that a new government must be made up of people with deep roots in the communities they represent. The first task of a more moderate government would be to write a constitution.   This is an extremely important step, as I’m sure you have learned by visiting the United States.   An Arabian constitution would be much different from the American one, of course, but the concept is the same.   Laws and rights must be enshrined by a binding document rather than being up to the whims of a king. An Arabian constitution might make more room for religion than the American one does, for example, or grant fewer individual rights to citizens, but it would serve a very important function.   It would represent a power greater than the king.   It would provide a list of things that the government cannot do.   These would include such elementary abuses as arrest without warrant or charge, torture, and suppression of media.   For the first time in Arabia, there would be a limit on the powers of the government. This may perhaps seem like a very limited step, but imagine what a large one it would be for our country!   Arabia today is ruled as the property of a single family; the country itself is named after the al-Sauds!   Can you imagine if the United States was called â€Å"Bush America†?   This is no way for a country to be run. I hope the friends you are making in America understand that Arabia will never be like America.   However, I believe that some American ideas, combined with moderate Arabian intellectuals, offers the best hope for our country.   Be well, friend. Sources Cleveland, William L.   A History of the Modern Middle East, second edition.   Boulder: Westview Press, 2000. Hiro, Dilip.   The Essential Middle East: A Comprehensive Guide. New York: Carol & Graff Publishers, 2003. Husain, Mir Zohair.   Global Islamic Politics, second edition. New York: Longman, 2003.      

The Dilemmas Of Working Based Mothers Social Work Essay Essay Example

The Dilemmas Of Working Based Mothers Social Work Essay Essay Example The Dilemmas Of Working Based Mothers Social Work Essay Essay The Dilemmas Of Working Based Mothers Social Work Essay Essay Director of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health. Secure parental employment helps to cut down the psychological toll on households, brought on by parental unemployment and underemployment.Secure parental employment may besides heighten kids s psychological wellbeing and better household operation by cut downing emphasis and other negative effects that unemployment and underemployment can hold on parents. Decision As we can see, there are pros and cons about maternal employmet. So we still have to cover with this quandary and do our ain determination. I think there are no right or incorrect replies in this instance. Whether you want to acquire back to work from the twenty-four hours you stop nursing your kid, or whether you want to be a housewife your full life is wholly up to you. Some adult females find joy in the workplace, while others find it at place. In some conditions, adult females can manage both kids and work good though it is a difficult undertaking. Possibly holding one does non necessitate giving the other.

Cost and benefit of the London Olympic 2012 Dissertation

Cost and benefit of the London Olympic 2012 - Dissertation Example Additionally, even the Russian government encountered deficits of approximately 9 billion US dollars after organizing the 1980 Olympic Games. Nevertheless from the subsequent Olympic Games that were hosted by Los Angeles in the year 1984, the Olympic Games were commercialised as an event. As a result, Los Angeles earned direct revenues worth 200 million US dollars and indirect revenue of 3 billion US dollars from the 1984 Olympics. With the passage of time and the rapid commercialisation of the Olympic Games, more and more cities have become interested in hosting the event as it produces big fortune for the city and impel the economic growth of the country. In the year 1992, Barcelona hosted the Olympic Games, and earned direct revenues greater than 9.5 billion US dollars in addition to indirect revenues worth 16.4 billion US dollars (Brunet, 1995). This magnitude of profitability and the enduring legacy economic affect on the city owing to the organization Olympic Games, catch the f ancy of a number of big corporate houses who endeavour for the sponsorships. It is evident the financial as well as economic impact of hosting the Olympic Games is anticipated to be extensive, predominantly at the local level and to a smaller degree at the country level. The total financial consequence of the Olympic Games on the city or the nation hosting the Game is generally spread over the years. Hence, the study of economic impacts of the Olympic Games on the host city has been a popular topic of investigation for researchers. The 2012 Olympics is being held in London. It has the potential of generating huge amount of revenues as well as exhibit London on the global platform this year. The Olympic Games is expected to motivate a... The second chapter, that is, Literature Review, would focus on the review and discussion of the findings of prior studies on the benefits, particularly financial and economic, of Olympic Games. This chapter would hence discuss the researches that have been carried out by other researchers in the topic under discussion. For the better understanding of the expected financial benefits of 2012 Olympic Games on the United Kingdom, this segment of the research study would focus on the preceding Olympic Games that were held in Being, Sydney, Atlanta, Barcelona and Athens among others. In this context, the financial and economic benefits that these host nations had enjoyed would be conferred with the help of cost benefit analysis. The thorough study of the impacts of the past Olympic Games on the host nations would endow us with an apparent outlook of the expected financial benefit that the United Kingdom could potentially gain this time.   The Literature Review would also accentuate on th e anticipated financial scenario in the UK, subsequent to the 2012 Olympic Games in London.Chapter Three: Research MethodologyThis chapter would consist of a discussion on the selection of the appropriate methods and approaches for the execution of the research study.   For a better identification of the appropriate research method for this study, this chapter would initially present a comprehensive discussion of all the research methods along with their advantages and suitability. The chapter would also discuss the strategy.

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