Discover the History of the Redstone Rockets

Spaceflight and space exploration would be impossible without rocket technology. Although rockets have been around since the first fireworks invented by the Chinese, it wasnt until the 20th century that they were fashioned specifically to send people and materials to space. Today, they exist in a variety of sizes and weights and are used to send people and supplies to the International Space Station and deliver satellites to orbit. In the history of spaceflight in the United States, the Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama has played a huge role in developing, testing, and delivering the rockets NASA needed for its major missions.The Redstone rockets were the first step to space in the 1950s and 1960s. Meet the Redstone Rockets The Redstone rockets were developed by a group of rocketry specialists and scientists working with Dr. Wernher von Braun and other German scientists at the Redstone Arsenal. They arrived at the end of World War II and had been active in developing rockets for the Germans during the war. The Redstones were the direct descendants of the German V-2 rocket  and provided a high-accuracy, liquid-propelled, surface-to-surface missile designed to counter Soviet Cold War and other threats throughout the postwar  years and the early years of the Space Age. They also provided a perfect avenue to space. Redstone to Space A modified Redstone was used to launch Explorer 1 to space — the first U.S. artificial satellite to go into orbit. That occurred on  January 31, 1958, using a four-stage Jupiter-C model.  A Redstone rocket also launched the Mercury capsules on their sub-orbital flights in 1961, inaugurating Americas human spaceflight program. Inside the Redstone The Redstone had a liquid-fueled engine that burned alcohol and liquid oxygen to produce about 75,000 pounds (333,617 newtons) of thrust. It was nearly 70 feet (21 meters) long and slightly under 6 feet (1.8 meters) in diameter. At burnout, or when the propellant was exhausted, it had a speed of 3,800 miles per hour (6,116 kilometers per hour). For guidance, the Redstone used an all-inertial system featuring a gyroscopically stabilized platform, computers, a programmed flight path taped into the rocket before launch, and the activation of the steering mechanism by signals in flight. For control during powered ascent, the Redstone depended on tail fins that had movable rudders,  as well as refractory carbon vanes mounted in the rocket exhaust. The first Redstone missile was launched from the militarys missile range at Cape Canaveral, Florida on August 20, 1953. Though it traveled only 8,000 yards (7,315 meters), it was considered a success and 36 more models were launched through 1958, when it was put into U.S. Army service in Germany. More about the Redstone Arsenal The Redstone Arsenal, for which the rockets are named, is a long-standing Army post. It currently hosts a number of Defense Department operations. It was originally a chemical weapons arsenal used during World War II. After the war, as the U.S. was liberating Europe and bringing back both V-2 rockets and rocket scientists from Germany, Redstone became a building and testing ground for various families of rockets, including the Redstone  and the Saturn rockets. As NASA was formed and built out its bases around the country, Redstone Arsenal was where rockets used to send satellites and people to space were designed and built into the 1960s.   Today, Redstone Arsenal maintains its importance as a rocket research and development center. Its still being used for rocket work, largely for Department of Defense use. It also hosts the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. On its outskirts, the U.S. Space Camp operates year-round, giving children and adults a chance to explore the history and technology of space flight.

The Effects Of Aggression On The Human Brain - 1084 Words

Aggression in animals has been studied using electrophysiology and behavioral tests. has been traditionally stimulated on the surface of the mouse brain, but this process is Recently, optigenetic techniques have given us a deeper understanding of the genetics which underlies the aggression. now aided by a more genetic understanding of cell receptor Esr1’s role. The mouse hypothalamus has been identified as a key player in aggression, and a receptor Esr1(WRITE OUT IN FULL) acts as a switch to control aggression. In this paper, Here we review these new developments and their impact on the study of aggression in the mouse brain. In addition, we discuss their potential applications to the human brain. Introduction Violence is one of humanity’s oldest problems, but the neural pathways that underlie violence are not well understood. Aggression stems from evolutionary roots, ranging from simplistic behaviors such as defending offspring to potentially more complicated human mental disorders. The study of aggression should improve not only our understanding of the properly-functioning mind, but also characterize poorly-understood mental disorders.1 Laboratory experiments have been run on mice to identify cells that mediate aggression, but these areas were difficult to find due to their small size.1 After discovering these areas, researchers are beginning to study the underlying genetic pathway of aggression. Increasingly genetic approaches combined with refined traditionalShow MoreRelatedExplain The Biological And Social Factors Of Human Aggression1079 Words   |  5 PagesThe Biological and Social Factors of Human Aggression A Brief Overview of Human Aggression Human aggression is different for everyone. Some are slow to wrath, but others have a fiery temper. Does this aggressive nature come from our genes or are we molded by our surroundings? 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Amazingly, throughout evolutionary history, both neuropeptides and steroid hormones were able to preserve their molecular structure, and their effect on cross-species sexuality. An estimated 450 million years ago, the neurotransmitter oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVT) were present in the earliest phyla, and their varied functions are similar in both animals and humans. Much like OT and AVP, the steroid hormones, testosteroneRead MoreEffects Of Steroid Hormones And Neuropeptides On Social Emotional Behavior1627 Words   |  7 PagesA Review of the Effects of Steroid Hormones and Neuropeptides on Social-Emotional Behavior Bos, Peter A., Panksepp, Jaak, Bluthà ©, Rose-Marie, van Honk, Jack (2011). Acute effects of steroid hormones and neuropeptides on human social–emotional behavior: A review of single administration studies. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 33 (2012) 17-35. 1. Introduction/Background Information The discovery of hormones and their function has been relatively recent. The term was first coined by Professor EarnestRead MoreVideo Games : Violence And Violence1301 Words   |  6 PagesDuty, Mortal Kombat, Battlefield, Halo and many more have been the culprit behind a recent spike in childhood aggression. Many people have their own views on the subject, but it has been most commonly deduced that aggression is caused by the games, but violence does not always follow the aggression. Violence in video games has been proven to have a direct correlation with the aggression in children. One fine example of violence due to video gaming violence is the school shooting at Sandy Hooks ElementaryRead MoreEthanol Interactions with Receptors1198 Words   |  5 Pagesrange of effects. Unlike many drugs, ethanol does not have a specific area of the brain in which it exerts its effects. For this reason, ethanol has a large diversity of symptoms and varying effects among individuals. In general, it binds with and alters the function of voltage gated ion channels. 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In discussing regulatory process, sleep is perhaps one of the most essential to the healthy upkeep of the human nervous system. This process is such a necessary behavior that without it, the nervous system, and the overall health of the individualRead MoreOutline and evaluate neural and hormona Essays1221 Words   |  5 Pageshormonal mechanisms in aggression. There are two main biological explanations to aggression, neural and hormonal. The neural explanation is the serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitters and how they affect our aggression; the hormonal mechanisms are the testosterone and cortisol chemicals. Testosterone is a hormone that is more concentrated in men than in women as it is a male sex hormone, it is thought to influence aggression from a young age onwards, due to its actions on the brain areas involved in

Shared and Non-Shared Events Free Essays

Events, using a psychological approach, could either be shared or non-shared. Based on the denotation of shared and the non, one might have a pretty good idea of what the terms actually mean. One thing is for sure, though; apparently, not all events can be shared, which somehow contradicts one connotation of the word event. We will write a custom essay sample on Shared and Non-Shared Events or any similar topic only for you Order Now At any rate, this paper would define and differentiate shared and non-shared events as much as the author knows it. Shared Events In order to understand what the term means without the use of complex psychology books, we should make do with just the bare words themselves defined separately: Shared is the past tense of share, which means to allow joint access to a particular thing or concept. Anything can practically be shared—even personal things, if it is within one’s hygienic tolerance. An event, meanwhile, is anything happening. So, combining the two definitions, we would get anything happening that is experienced by not just a single person—therefore, our bare definition of a shared event is formed. Adding the subject of psychology, a shared event is something that is experienced by all parties involved, but its significance impacts those of not just by one person but all those involved in the event. Non-Shared Events Since the definition of shared events is already established, we only need to define the word non in order to get our full definition of a non-shared event. The word non is an adverb that signifies that the word following it should be regarded as the contrary. Therefore a non-shared event is exactly the opposite of a shared event, which brings us to a definition of anything happening that is experienced by just a single person. Again, from a psychological perspective, we get â€Å"something happening, whose impact only affects one individual. Examples of Shared Events There are many examples of a shared event. A good and timely example is none other than the current economic crisis. Is it an event? Check. Does it affect those involved? Check. The current economic crisis, call it recession if you must, is definitely a shared event, not only because it is an event (a big one at that), but also because virtually everybody is affected. Employees are either losing jobs or losing benefits, investors are losing their business, and families are giving up their homes. Another example of a shared event is a regional disaster—they could either be natural disasters or man-made. Hurricanes, earthquakes, forest fires, and floods are just some of examples of regional disasters that are shared by everyone who happened to be in the area where it took place. Election is another shared event that impacts the population, as the outcome of an election could determine the future of a nation. Examples of Non-Shared Events There are also a number of examples for non-shared events. A person who gets himself or herself into an accident alone is one example. However, if that person is the provider for a family, his or her accident can be considered as a shared event, as that person’s accident would cause his or her family to be affected financially by the accident. The same it true with a person who gets sick. If he lives alone or if his inactivity does not affect the welfare of the family, his sickness would be considered a non-shared event. Otherwise, it is a shared event. Relationship events outside of the family is also an example of a non-shared event—other family members do not necessarily have to get involved in relationship matters outside of their circle (Eley Stevenson, 2000). How to cite Shared and Non-Shared Events, Papers

Branding and Its Effects on Sales

Question: Discuss about the Branding and Its Effects on Sales. Answer: Project Context Marketing is the process of promoting and selling the products and services of a business organization. In order to achieve these, the business organizations have to different kinds of market research and advertisement campaigns. These all are the parts of marketing (Gilliam Voss, 2013). In a broader sense, it can be said that marketing is the process of delivering the right products and services to the right people at the right time at a right price (Kotler, 2012). Hence, all the activities that are needed to deliver a product or service to a customer are the different activities of marketing (Kotler et al., 2015). Branding is considered as one of the major marketing activities of marketing as branding is utmost essential for the success of a product or service in the market (Armstrong et al., 2012). Branding is the process of or the practice of giving a name, design and symbol to a product or service of the business organizations. One of the major significances of branding is that it provides the product or services a proper identification and it helps to differentiate the product or service from the others. There are many major advantages of the process of branding. Thus, it can be said that branding is one of the major components of marketing. In order to introduce a new product or service in the market, the process of branding is necessary for them as it provides the organization with the necessary competitive advantage (Abratt Kleyn, 2012). It is very much important to select a career for every student or every person. In this era, many career options are there in different fields; like marketing, finance, medical, engineering and many others. In this era of twenty-first centuries, marketing is considered as one of the most dynamic professions. Many major reasons are there for considering marketing as one of the dynamic professions. It can be seen that there are many advantages of marketing as a profession. The first major advantage of marketing as a profession is job diversity. Marketing cannot be described based one activity as there are many activities of marketing; like promotion of brand, advertisement, market research, retail, customer relation, public relation and many others. Most of the times, the marketing professionals have to interact with the customers of the organization. Due to this reason, the marketing professionals do not feel bore in their profession (Hunt, 2014). The second advantage of marketing pro fession is the high pay structure and other benefits. It has been seen that a successful marketing professional can earn a higher amount of money than the other professions. Apart from higher pay structure, the marketing professionals can enjoy many other non-financial benefits. The most important advantage of marketing profession is self-satisfaction (Baker, 2014). The marketing professional can see the results of their works and hence, they can be self-satisfied. This leads more opportunities for promotion and the professionals can have greater control on their income. Hence, from the above discussion, it can be said that one can chose marketing as their future profession as it has greater career opportunities. As per the above discussion, it can be seen that marketing can be considered as a future profession as it has major career opportunities. As marketing is a large profession, the job description of the marketing professional cannot be described so easily. As mentioned above, marketing has many components like branding, advertising, retails, customer relation, public relation and many others. Profession can be considered as an occupation that requires specialized knowledge and training in that field. Hence, it can easily be said that to be a successful marketing professional, one must have specialized knowledge and training in marketing (training.com.au, 2017). This is the first criteria to become a marketing professional. After that, to be a successful marketing professional, one must have sufficient knowledge about various markets. Market is a place where goods and services are sold. Hence, a market has three major components; they are buyer, seller and goods. In order to be a succes sful marketing professional, it is never enough to have academic knowledge on marketing. Most importantly, it takes enough practical exposure on marketing in order to be a successful marketing professional. To be a marketing professional, one must know that what kind of market they work in; the function of the chosen market; information about the new buyers of the market; to know the needs of the buyers; the tactics to meet the needs of the customers; to create preferences about the products of the company and many others (cmo.com.au, 2017). Project Proposal Background and Definition of the Issues or Problems According to the earlier discussion, branding is the process of giving a name, design and symbol to a product or service of a business organization. This is one of the major components of marketing. It can be seen that some major problems or challenges are there in the practice or process of branding. Some of the major problems or challenge in the process of branding is discussed below: One of the major problems in branding is lack of awareness about the brand or the needs of the customers. There are instances where the organizational people have little knowledge about the brands of the organization and the needs of the customers. This is a major challenge or issue in branding. The lack of significance of the brand name and logo is another major problem in branding. There are some brands that stand for nothing and they promise nothing to the consumers. Lack of differentiation is another major problem in branding. The primary objective of branding is to differentiate the products and services of the organization from others. Failing in doing so is a major issue in branding. These major problems of branding can affect the marketing activities of a business organization. With the help of proper branding strategy, the organizations can attract the customers towards the products and services of the organization. These problems are very much relevant with the marketing ac tivities of the business organizations. Aim and Objectives/Research Questions The main aim of this research proposal is to discover the means by which the process of branding can be made error free and more effective. Hence, the main objectives or research questions of this project proposal are: The first objective is to create more awareness about the brands among the organizational people in the organization. The second objective is to make the process of branding in such a way that it conveys message of the organization about the products. The third objective is to develop the branding strategy of the organization in such a way that it can differentiate the products or services of the organization with the other products and services. The last objective is to discover the means to make the branding of the organizations more effective. Literature Review Branding is the process of presenting the products or services of a business organization in such a way that they can attract the attention of the customers. Many years ago, branding was the process of giving a name and logo to the products or services of the organization for the ease of identification (Riaz Tanveer, 2012). However, in the business era of twenty-first centuries, branding stands for more than just giving name and logos to the products and services of the organization. Now a day, branding is the perception of the customers about the company or products or services. Todays business organizations consider branding as a moving target that evolves with the behavior of the consumers. It can be seen that many organizations consider marketing and branding as a same activity (Aaker, 2012). However, in actual, there is a huge gap between the process of branding and marketing. First, marketing is a tactical process where branding is a strategic process (Hovnyi, 2013). The devel opment of branding is from marketing, but the branding is a bigger effort than marketing. However, from the current scenario, it can be observed that many major problems have been found in the process of branding (Aaker Joachimsthaler, 2012). The main problem is the awareness of branding (McKenna, 2012). In many organizations, the people among the organization do not know the actual inner meaning of the brands of their products and services. This is a major problem as due lack of awareness, they will not be able to meet the needs of the customers (Dinnie, 2015). Another important issue or problem is that most of todays brands do not convey the message of the organization. Apart from these, many problems are affecting the branding strategies of todays business. The process of branding has a history. More than 4000 years ago, the ancient Akkad artists and architects started to seal or mark their arts as a proof of their authority on their artworks. That was the start of banding process. It can be seen that the present day companies use to underestimate the power of branding in the process of business decision-making (Kapferer, 2012). However, branding plays a major party for the decision making process of both the businesses and customers (Hanna Rowley, 2013). As per most of the marketing managers of the world, business marketing is all about the delivery of superior products and services with affordable and reasonable price. In this case, branding can be considered as icing on the cake. At the time of decision-making, the marketing managers considers the central element of marketing. It has been seen that there is a strong relationship between branding and financial performance of the business organization (Philiastides Ratcliff, 2013). T he positive effect of branding enables the organizations to earn greater revenue and profitability. On the other hand, a strong brand has the power to differentiate that particular company from the other companies (Plassmann, Ramsy Milosavljevic, 2012). Moreover, the business brands are considered as the focal points of the process of communication among multiple stakeholders of the organizations. Hence, from the above analysis, it can be said that the business organizations should not ignore the importance of the power of brands in marketing. Overview of the Research Method The will be certain steps by which the project will be done. As per the above discussion, the main aim of this project is to find the ways to improve the branding strategies of the business organizations. For the purpose of this study, secondary research method will be taken into consideration. In the process of secondary research methods, the necessary information will be collected and after that, they will be evaluated. In order to carry on the secondary research method, secondary information will be collected from various sources. Some of these major sources are various relevant websites of the companies; various relevant websites of the government; various corporate fillings like annual reports of the companies; various kinds of trade, business and professional journal articles; various kinds of media release and many others. After the collection of the secondary data and information, they will be analyzed with the help of qualitative data analysis method. After the analysis of t he secondary data, they will be interpreted to get the necessary findings of the research project. In this regard, the major milestones of this research proposal will be the setting up of the objectives or research questions of the research; selection of the research method; collection relevant data and information; analysis of these data and information and interpretation of the secondary data. The Gantt Chart Schedule of the research is given below: Research Activities 1-4 4-8 8-12 12-16 16-20 20-24 24-28 Setting up of the objectives Collection of the secondary source Layout of the investigation Literature review and theories Operations and research plans Research Plans and Techniques Secondary data Analysis Interpretation of Data Analysis Findings and Analysis Conclusion and Summary Figure 1: Gantt chart (Source: As created by author) From the above figure, it can be seen that the total research process will take 28 days to complete. The predicted time taken by the major activities of the research is shows in the above figure. Based on the interpretation of secondary data, the findings and conclusion will be drawn. References Aaker, D. A. (2012).Building strong brands. Simon and Schuster. Aaker, D. A., Joachimsthaler, E. (2012).Brand leadership. Simon and Schuster. Abratt, R., Kleyn, N. (2012). Corporate identity, corporate branding and corporate reputations: Reconciliation and integration.European Journal of Marketing,46(7/8), 1048-1063. Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M., Brennan, R. (2012).Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Prentice-Hall, London. Baker, M. J. (2014).Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. Dinnie, K. (2015).Nation branding: Concepts, issues, practice. Routledge. Gilliam, D. A., Voss, K. (2013). A proposed procedure for construct definition in marketing.European Journal of Marketing,47(1/2), 5-26. Hanna, S., Rowley, J. (2013). A practitioner-led strategic place brand-management model.Journal of marketing management,29(15-16), 1782-1815. Hovnyi, G. (2013). Revealing the Corporation. Perspectives on Identity, Image, Reputation, Corporate Branding and Corporate?level Marketing.European Journal of Marketing. Hunt, S. D. (2014).Marketing Theory: Foundations, Controversy, Strategy, and Resource-advantage Theory. Routledge. Insider, I. (2017).What Does a Marketing Professional Do?.Training.com.au. Retrieved 5 April 2017, from https://www.training.com.au/ed/marketing-professional/ Kapferer, J. N. (2012).The new strategic brand management: Advanced insights and strategic thinking. Kogan page publishers. Kotler, P. (2012).Kotler on marketing. Simon and Schuster. Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., Manceau, D., Hmonnet-Goujot, A. (2015).Marketing management(Vol. 14). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. McKenna, M. P. (2012). A Consumer Decision-Making Theory of Trademark Law.Virginia Law Review, 67-141. Philiastides, M. G., Ratcliff, R. (2013). Influence of branding on preference-based decision making.Psychological science, 0956797612470701. Plassmann, H., Ramsy, T. Z., Milosavljevic, M. (2012). Branding the brain: A critical review and outlook.Journal of Consumer Psychology,22(1), 18-36. Riaz, W., Tanveer, A. (2012). Marketing mix, not branding.Asian Journal of Business and Management Sciences,1(11), 43-52. Williams, A. (2017).Marketing professionals prove hot property in Australian jobs market.Cmo.com.au. Retrieved 5 April 2017, from https://www.cmo.com.au/article/579697/marketing-professionals-prove-hot-property-australian-jobs-market/